SCOPE 56
Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands
Contents
1 Executive Summary
J. R. Melillo, D. O. Hall and G. I. Ågren2 The Carbon Budget of Boreal Forests: Reducing the Uncertainty
T. R. Moore
3 Carbon Budget: Temperate Coniferous Forests
A. I. Breymeyer, B. Berg, S. T. Gower and D. W. Johnson
4 The Carbon Budget of Tropical Savannas, Woodlands and Grasslands
R. J. Scholes and D. O. Hall
5 Carbon Budgets of Temperate Grasslands and the Effects of Global Change
O. E. Sala, W. K. Lauenroth and I. C. Burke6 Photosynthesis, Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Climate Change
S. P. Long, C. P. Osborne and S. W. Humphries
7 Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Plant Respiration
M. González-Meler, B. G. Drake and J. Azcón-Bieto8 Carbon and Nutrient Allocation in Terrestrial Ecosystems
G. R. Shaver and J. D. Aber9 Elevated Carbon Dioxide, Litter Quality and Decomposition
J. M. Melillo10 Ecosystem Physiology-Soil Organic Matter
G. I. Ågren, M. U. F. Kirschbaum, D. W. Johnson and E. Bosatta
11 Global Grassland Ecosystem Modelling: Development and Test of Ecosystem Models for
Grassland Systems
W. J. Parton, M. B. Coughenour, J. M. O. Scurlock, D. S. Ojima, T. G. Gilmanov, R. J. Scholes,
D. S. Schimel, T. B. Kirchner, J.-C. Menaut, T. R. Seastedt, E. Garcia Moya, A. Kamnalrut,
J. I. Kinyamario and D. O. Hall
12 Impact of Climate and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Changes on Grasslands of the World
D. S. Ojima, W. J. Parton, M. B. Coughenour, J. M. O. Scurlock, T. B. Kirchner, T. G. F. Kittel,
D. O. Hall, D. S. Schimel, E. Garcia Moya, T. G. Gilmanov, T. R. Seastedt, A. Kamnalrut,
J. I. Kinyamario, S. P. Long, J.-C. Menaut, O. E. Sala, R. J. Scholes and J. A. van Veen
13 Comparing Models of Ecosystem Function for Temperate Conifer Forests. I. Model
Description and Validation
M. G. Ryan, E. R. Hunt, Jr, R. E. McMurtrie, G. I. Ågren, J. D. Aber, A. D. Friend, E. B. Rastetter,
W. M. Pulliam, R. J. Raison and S. Linder14 Comparing Models of Ecosystem Function for Temperate Conifer Forests. II. Simulations of
the Effect of Climate Change
M. G. Ryan, R. E. McMurtrie, G. I. Ågren, E. R. Hunt, Jr, J. D. Aber, A. D. Friend, E. B. Rastetter
and W. M. Pulliam
15 Global Climate Change and Carbon Cycling in Grasslands and Conifer Forests
A. D. McGuire, D. W. Kicklighter and J. M. Melillo16 Prediction of Global Biome Distribution Using Bioclimatic Equilibrium Models
R. Leemans, W. Cramer, J. G. van Minnen
The electronic version of this publication has been prepared at
the M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India.